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Cognitive Psychology
Cognitive psychology encompasses the part of psychology that studies the processes that underlie perception, thinking and knowledge acquisition (cognition). Such processes are perception (perception of the senses), attention, imagination, memory, concept formation, language, judgment, reasoning and problem solving.
Modern cognitive psychology was introduced in the United States around 1960 as a result of a fruitful meeting between researchers in psychology and related fields: linguistics, nervous physiology and computer science. Man was seen here primarily as a processor and user of information, and psychological processes were often described in analogy with computers. The direction was seen as a reaction to the prevailing behavioral psychology, and there was talk of a “cognitive revolution” in psychology. Cognitive psychology also forms a central part of the interdisciplinary research area of cognitive science. Today, cognitive psychology closely related to cognitive neuroscience (cognitive neuroscience), where the biological basis of cognition is in focus.
A cognitive perspective means that cognition becomes a key to understanding psychological phenomena. This is seen in various ways:
In learning, a cognitive perspective involves emphasizing awareness, insight and language control. Even in the understanding of basic learning modes such as classical and operant conditioning, cognitively oriented researchers assume that such learning cannot take place without conscious recognition of the learning conditions.
In emotional psychology, a cognitive perspective means that the emotion we experience, whether it is pleasure or anger, is largely determined by our understanding. An example is seen in Schachter’s theory of emotion, which assumes that what we feel is a general activation that then receives a cognitive “tag”.
In motivation, cognition is important through expectations of our own coping ability (coping faith), ways we think about goals and so on.
In social psychology, the meaning of cognition is seen in several ways, for example by expectations of ourselves or others, stereotypes, attributions and so on.
In clinical psychology, cognition is important in several contexts. For example, depression will be expressed cognitively by negative thoughts, low self-esteem and so on. Cognitive therapy emphasizes change in ways of thinking – often automated and unobserved by the person himself – as the basis for improvement.
Rankings
Psychology Programs
Departments and Schools
1
University of Kansas
Address: 1415 Jayhawk Boulevard, Lawrence, KS 66045-7556
Phone: (785) 864-4195
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: http://[email protected]
Department of Psychology
2
Kansas State University
Address: 492 Bluemont Hall , Manhattan, KS 66506-5302
Phone: (785) 532-6850
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: http://www.k-state.edu/psych/graduate/graduate_overview.htm
Department of Psychology
3
Wichita State University
Address: 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, KS 67260-0034
Phone: (316) 978-3170
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: http://webs.wichita.edu/?u=PSYCHOLOGY&p=/graduate/graduate/graduateinfo/
Department of Psychology
Related to Kansas
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